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History of Pena Palace
The story of Pena Palace goes way back to the 12th century. A modest chapel dedicated to Nossa Senhora da Pena was originally on the site. King Manuel I later replaced it with the Royal Monastery of Nossa Senhora da Pena. For centuries, the monastery stood strong until the devastating 1755 Lisbon earthquake nearly destroyed it.
Despite the damage, the monastery remained partially functional until 1834, when religious orders were dissolved. Four years later, King Ferdinand II saw the potential in the site and decided to build a palace that reflected his love for art and nature. What you see today is the result of his vision—a whimsical yet majestic palace that became a summer haven for the royal family.
Construction of Pena Palace
When King Ferdinand II of Portugal set out to create Pena Palace, he entrusted the task to Baron Wilhelm Ludwig von Eschwege, a talented German architect and engineer. Born in Hanover, von Eschwege had built an impressive career, including a key role in Brazil’s mining industry, before turning his expertise to architecture.
In 1838, he began designing and overseeing the palace’s construction, bringing King Ferdinand’s vision to life. From the grand entrance archway to the richly detailed chapel, von Eschwege ensured every feature would captivate visitors. His work blended architectural beauty with artistic charm, making Pena Palace a true Romantic marvel.
Architecture of Pena PalaceThe architecture of Pena Palace
Pena Palace is like a dream brought to life through architecture. Designed by Baron von Eschwege, the palace is a vibrant fusion of styles—Gothic, Moorish, Renaissance—all tied together by its bold red and yellow hues. Every detail has a story, from the intricate tilework and lavish interiors to the charming towers and battlements that look straight out of a fantasy tale.
Inside, you'll find rooms adorned with fine furnishings, ornate carvings, and delicate tile mosaics, giving a glimpse into the royal lifestyle of the past. The palace grounds are equally mesmerizing, with meandering paths, exotic plants, and breathtaking views of Sintra’s lush landscape. And don’t miss the chapel—its stained-glass windows and detailed woodwork add a layer of quiet, awe-inspiring beauty.
Frequently asked questions and answers about Pena Palace's history
Where is Pena Palace located?
Pena Palace is perched atop the Serra da Sintra hill, standing at 480 meters above sea level. It's the second-highest peak in the area and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
Why is Pena Palace so colorful?
King Ferdinand II wanted the palace to be visually striking, so he incorporated bold colors—red, yellow, and blue—to highlight different sections of the palace. The vivid hues, along with the eclectic architectural mix, give the palace its fairytale-like appearance.
What are the most striking features of Pena Palace’s architecture?
The palace features colorful towers, ornate Manueline-style windows, Moorish archways, and a dramatic drawbridge. The Queen’s Terrace also offers breathtaking views of Sintra’s landscape.
Are there guided tours that explain the history of Pena Palace?
Absolutely! Guided tours are available and provide fascinating insights into the palace’s rich history and heritage.
What’s the most interesting fact about the palace’s history?
One standout fact is that Pena Palace was originally a monastery. In the 18th century, it was struck by lightning and later abandoned until King Ferdinand II transformed the ruins into the masterpiece you see today.